Catalogue of mtdna Jewish branches

Introduction

This page is a collection of Jewish mtdna branches. At the moment (januari 2019) the branches are defined by the analysis of 100% ftdna Family Finder Ashkenazi descent. It is expected that this can be increased later by other methodes so we can add Sephardic, Mizrahi and other Jewish heritages.

Data collection 2019

The method follows the method of Jeff Wexler (2018). Due to the strong endogamy of Ashkenazi, 100% Ashkenazi descendants have a large amount of matches, and many matches are above 100 cM. Characteristics: 18000 matches in default settings of ftdna Family Finder and a distribution as shown. As a comparison a diagram is given for a 100% Dutch person (Brabant) called Wim.

I selected 32 non-related persons that have 100% Ashkenazi descendancy and listed the matches of these 32 persons. This resulted in a grand total of 468402 matches. I selected the persons that have at least three matches above 80cM. This resulted in 19603 unique persons. In the next step the people were selected that have a mtDNA branch that is only reported if mtDNAfullsequence test is done. This resulted in 3589 mtDNAfullsequence branch results. These are the results that are used in the table below.

Additional the public results of the mtDNA phylogenetic tree of ftdna was used to determine the number of people that were measured by ftdna. This was determined as the sum of the people in the first 15 countries. Since I don't have the Unknown country, I miss 32%, which is the average of the complete sample. In the extreme case of a large branch (e.g. 1212 persons in H1) I miss 10% in the countries that are outside the first 15 countries. This does not change the pattern that I find.

mtdna is relatively small and the number of mutations in a given timeperiod is small. The average time for a mutation is about 1/16.569*2.5*10^-8 which is about 2400 years. This means that I will have four types of Jewish mtdna branchs:

a genealogical branch that had a mutation relatively short before the start of Judaism and the mtdna branch has only descendants with this mutation.
a variation of the previous scenario, where a both a mtdna named branch and a mtdna subbranch are Jewish branches.
a genealogical branch had a last mutation long before the start of Judaism and the mtdna branch has both descendants from Jewish ancestor and descendant from non-Jewish ancestor.
a genealogical branch was the result of a female becoming Jewish in period of the expanding Jewish population.

The first challenge I face is the difference between mtdna phylogenetic tree from the individual measurements (mtfullsequence in ftdna) and the defined phylogenetic tree of www.phylotree.org of Mannis van Oven. The measurements in ftdna give many more subbranches than the tree of phylotree.org. For the Jewish branches with six or more persons I looked for a person in that branch and registered the mutations and the number of matches at distance 0. This enabled me in most cases to define the SNP(s) of the Jewish branch, and report it in this mtdna table. Examples are MB-185, MB-098, MB-089, MB-091 and MB-051.

Only six of the 90 branches with six 100% Ashkenazi persons had a branch with both clear Ashkenazi and non-Jewish people. Given the mutation rate of 2400 years for mtdna, 7% is quite small. This was the case for the branches H1b1-T16362C +5899.1C+A8348G , H6a1a3 +A16482G+C16519T, H11a1 +C16519T, H56, H65a, K2a. Given the history of Ashkenazi, the distribution of mtdna haplogroups and the size of these branches, it seems likely that a significant part of these six branches descent from a European ancestor that became Jewish.

Data collection 2021

In 2021 a few branches were added manually. They were found in non-Ashkenazi Jews. The same approach was used: the autosomal matches were analyzed and the largest characteristic mtDNA groups were collected. The next step is the inspection of the group; if a group has the characterics of a branch (significant in the group, hardly any non-Jews within the group) they were added in the list. Since the statistics is much less, only a small number of branches are sufficiently convincing to report. These branches are not used in the analysis below.

Distribution of the branches

In this diagram the almost 200 branches are reported. The diagram can be compared to the Ashkenazi Y-DNA branches in the Data section. The largest branch is far out the largest. About 35 branches represent 75% of the Ashkenazi peoples.

A mtdna haplogroup comparison with countries.

Since the large population growth of Ashkenazi Jews the number of branches give a better distribution over the haplogroups than the number of people. Similar diagrams were made in 2014 of Jewish Y-DNA. The discussion on a possible European origin of Ashkenazi Y-DNA stopped. The diagram showing the different mtDNA haplogroups in different populations was presented by Badro et al. 2013. The distribution of Ashkenazi branches is added so a comparison is possible.

Discussion

From the collected data i conclude that:

The # of persons that is found in the Ashkenazi branches is linear and close to similar as the number of people in the ftdna branch. This means that the two describe the same information, so the branches are (almost) completely 100 percent Ashkenazi.
The distribution of the branches over the different haplogroups is not different from what is found in Middle Eastern countries. This contradicts the conclusions of Costa et al. (2013). They based their result on four branches, while this list gives 90 reliable branches. It appears that the conclusion of Costa et al is based on small number statistics and is not confirmed in this larger collection.

This leads to the main conclusions:

The large majority of Ashkenazi mtdna branches has clear SNPs that can be used to recognize the people with Ashkenazi heritage.
The number of Ashkenazi mtdna branches is larger than Ashkenazi Y-DNA branches. If we look at the largest Y-DNA branches, 25 Y-DNA branches give 75% of the Ashkenazi Y-DNA; 35 mtDNA branches give 75% of the Ashkenazi mtdna.
The historic context is easiest to describe by a small original population and a large population growth that resulted in the Ashkenazi population. A difference of somewhat smaller number of branches of Y-DNA is probably a difference of the impact of position within the Jewish community. An example is the status of Cohen and Levite, and Rabbis, which follows male lines. This characteristic, smaller number of males have a larger percentage of the descendants than women, is present in many cultures.
Non-Jewish females entering the Jewish community is very exceptional during the Ashkenazi period. It will be possible to determine an upper limit, as was done before for the Ashkenazi and Sephardic males. It will probably be less than a percent in a generation.

Earlier data suggests:

The largest group (MB-104) increased probably in population in the land of Israel before the Jewish diaspora. A similar pattern is the case in AB-022. The data suggest that we see many branch splits before the diaspora.

On a specific branch:

MB-114: this branch belongs to the L2 haplogroup (L2a1l2a and L2a1l2a1), which was probably south of the Sahara in the period before the Green Sahara. North of the Sahara I found several samples in Maghreb and a few in Iberia. L2a1l is found in an ancient sample near Cordoba (Spain), about 3600ybp. The easiest way to fit these data with history is an Iberian origin of this Jewish mtDNA line, similar as several Iberian Ashkenazi Y-DNA branches, which were found several years ago.
MB-125: this branch was also found in the Chuetas (Ferragut et al., 2019). They found 20 percent of the Chuetas in their dataset, indicating a Jewish origin, as expected from historical information.
MB-104 was also found in the Chuetas (see previous reference). The authors suggest that this is the result of an old European origin. This is probably incorrect. As reported here, hardly any people in this branch have an origin outside the Jewish community. A chance that this branch is in the Chuetas as a result of a coincidence is very small. It is more plausible that this branch arrived in the Chuetas as a Jewish lineage.
MB-043: a preprint of a scientific article appeared in 2022. This had a correction on a preliminary result that was reported by the research team in a BBC documentary in 2011. In 2011 it was reported (see press and BBC documentary at 33:00) that 5 out of 8 measured mtDNA in the Well of Norwich (1190) were of the largest Ashkenazi DNA haplogroup which has 6 percent in Europe and 30 percent in Ashkenazi Jews. This pointed to haplogroup K and MB-104 . The preprint in 2022 adds additional information on familyrelations and Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups.
MB-032: this branch was also reported in the preprint on the Well of Norwich.
MB-098: the J1c7a branch has both a large number of Scandinavian subbranches and a large number of Ashkenazi subbranches. The easiest scenario is probably a Jewish origin in the period of Boreslaw III when Jews left Germany in the period of the First Crusade and found protection in Poland-Lithuanian territory.
MB-001, MB-123 and MB-118 are reported in A genetic contribution from the Far East into Ashkenazi Jews via the ancient Silk Road (Tian et al. 2015)
MB-112 (K2a2a1): in the 2022 branch of yfull is a large parallel branch K2a2a2 with descendants in Saudi Arabia, U.A.E. and including many subbranches. The origin of this Arabian and Ashkenazi branch is most likely in the Middle East. The argument of Costa et al. (2013) that this branch is European is incorrect. Their figure 4 is a result of a strong selection effect and has only three uncertain datapoints outside the Ashkenazi branch; the Arab branch (and subbranches) were not reported, probably due to the percentage of data samples from the Middle East. The timescale in figure 4 is uncertain and includes the timescale of migration of the majority of males to Western Europe who also brought the Indo-European languages (5000 ybp).

The table

If you click on "# of persons", that column is sorted; if you click twice on "# of persons" the largest branch is shown first.

The reference to yfull and ftdna can be interesting. The ftdna data has more samples; the yfull data has from scientific publications and shows subbranches. Notice that the amount of registered samples is the result of a collection of people who were tested. They do not represent a representative collection of data.

Branch # mtdna name approximate SNPs of Jewish branch or comment # of
persons # in ftdna
branch ybp of
Behar, van Oven
et al. (2012)

MB-001 A-T152C!-T16189C! yfull ftdna 2 4 0+-0

MB-002 H1a3a yfull ftdna 2 96 3850+-1620

MB-003 H1a3b yfull ftdna 1 74 3150+-2060

MB-004 H1b yfull ftdna G15172A 9 259 6230+-1800

MB-005 H1b1-T16362C yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group 5899.1C+A8348G 11 408 0+-0

MB-006 H1b2 yfull ftdna 1 67 3660+-2770

MB-007 H1b2a+H1b2a1 yfull ftdna 42 49 700+-4060

MB-009 H1b5 yfull ftdna 1 17 0+-0

MB-010 H1f yfull ftdna T7309C+C8409T+T12945C+G15221A+A16183c 3 38 3670+-3620

MB-011 H1c3 yfull ftdna 1 215 4530+-1850

MB-012 H1e4+H1e4a yfull ftdna - 57 84 2730+-7140

MB-014 H1o yfull ftdna 1 39 2480+-3250

MB-015 H1u2 yfull ftdna insufficient access 4 13 0+-0

MB-016 H1ai1 yfull ftdna - 13 24 0+-0

MB-017 H1aj yfull ftdna insufficient access 6 21 8170+-2950

MB-018 H1aj1+H1aj1a yfull ftdna 50 54 0+-0

MB-020 H1as2 yfull ftdna 52 51 1650+-2230

MB-021 H1ax yfull ftdna 2 15 4940+-2860

MB-022 H1bd yfull ftdna 1 18 0+-0

MB-023 H1bo yfull ftdna - 13 24 4480+-2170

MB-024 H1bw yfull ftdna insufficient access 3 26 6110+-3690

MB-025 H2a2a1g yfull ftdna 1 18 0+-0

MB-026 H2a2b1 yfull ftdna T16224C+A16235G+C16519T 4 80 4390+-2080

MB-027 H2a2b1a1 yfull ftdna 1 68 1810+-1630

MB-028 H3 yfull ftdna C10655T+T16298C+A16497G 8 386 8910+-1060

MB-029 H3k1a yfull ftdna 1 70 0+-0

MB-030 H3-T16311C! yfull ftdna 1 57 0+-0

MB-031 H3p yfull ftdna 46 60 6370+-2910

MB-032 H3w yfull ftdna 47 54 3230+-2310

MB-033 H3ap yfull ftdna 2 63 5700+-3770

MB-034 H4a1a1 yfull ftdna 1 165 6600+-2080

MB-035 H4a1a1a yfull ftdna C16519T+ C152T! 3 268 5890+-1790

MB-036 H4a1a3a yfull ftdna G513A+A14133G+C16519T 6 19 2370+-2400

MB-037 H5'36 yfull ftdna 2 33 0+-0

MB-038 H5 yfull ftdna insufficient access 3 147 9870+-1400

MB-039 H5a yfull ftdna 1 19 9110+-1380

MB-040 H5a1 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T 5 474 6560+-1530

MB-041 H5a-T152C! yfull ftdna 1 20 0+-0

MB-042 H5a7 yfull ftdna C16519T 18 40 1510+-2050

MB-043 H5c2 yfull ftdna 33 37 0+-0

MB-044 H5-C16192T yfull ftdna insufficient access 7 18 0+-0

MB-045 H5-T16311C! yfull ftdna C16167T+C16519T 6 12 0+-0

MB-046 H6a1a1a yfull ftdna 20 26 820+-1130

MB-047 H6a1a3 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group A16482G+C16519T 7 113 2950+-2660

MB-048 H6a1a5 yfull ftdna A16482G+C16519T 34 53 1730+-2320

MB-049 H6a1b2 yfull ftdna insufficient access 4 244 4760+-2180

MB-050 H6a1b3 yfull ftdna A16482G 8 93 3760+-1850

MB-051 H7 yfull ftdna 573.1C+573.2C+T1700C+T11137C+C152T! 28 191 8890+-1680

MB-052 H7c2 yfull ftdna 33 35 1730+-6570

MB-053 H7e yfull ftdna 67 97 1490+-2300

MB-054 H11a1 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T 8 184 2920+-2080

MB-055 H11a2a yfull ftdna 1 70 3960+-1600

MB-056 H11a2a2 yfull ftdna G7805A+C16519T+C152T! 10 46 1300+-1210

MB-057 H11b1 yfull ftdna C16261T+C152T! 25 62 0+-0

MB-058 H-T152C! yfull ftdna T710C+C152T! 1 138 0+-0

MB-059 H10 yfull ftdna 1 96 8590+-2260

MB-060 H10a yfull ftdna insufficient access 3 53 6040+-2360

MB-061 H10a1b yfull ftdna 20 22 720+-1170

MB-062 H10e yfull ftdna 1 207 4680+-2260

MB-063 H13a1a1 yfull ftdna insufficient access 3 71 5880+-1890

MB-064 H13a1a1a yfull ftdna 1 108 4490+-2180

MB-065 H15b yfull ftdna C16519T+C16527T 7 25 5500+-3300

MB-066 H17a yfull ftdna 1 41 6090+-2690

MB-067 H23 yfull ftdna 1 178 2060+-2840

MB-068 H25 yfull ftdna 12 12 0+-0

MB-069 H26c yfull ftdna 31 34 2940+-7620

MB-070 H40b yfull ftdna 41 44 1110+-6020

MB-071 H41a yfull ftdna C14433T+C16519T 18 79 0+-0

MB-072 H44a1 yfull ftdna 1 31 0+-0

MB-073 H47 yfull ftdna insufficient access 3 32 8930+-3030

MB-074 H56 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group - 12 88 4690+-2980

MB-075 H65a yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group - 15 30 0+-0

MB-076 HV0-T195C! yfull ftdna C7229T+G11963A+C16519T 5 289 0+-0

MB-077 HV1a'b'c yfull ftdna G709A+A13098G+T16368C+C16519T+A16129G! 10 37 0+-0

MB-078 HV1b yfull ftdna 1 9 14800+-3690

MB-079 HV1b2 yfull ftdna 139 157 1510+-4290

MB-080 HV5 yfull ftdna insufficient access 4 1 2010+-14530

MB-081 HV5a yfull ftdna 66 75 0+-0

MB-082 HV10 yfull ftdna 1 15 2010+-8600

MB-083 I1b yfull ftdna 1 51 11130+-4810

MB-084 I1c yfull ftdna 7 8 8210+-3780

MB-085 I1c1a yfull ftdna 44 57 0+-0

MB-086 I2a yfull ftdna 1 35 3770+-2140

MB-087 I5a1b yfull ftdna 1 4 0+-0

MB-088 I5c1 yfull ftdna 1 13 0+-0

MB-089 J1b1a1 yfull ftdna C2322T+C16519T 43 275 6970+-2340

MB-090 J1b2 yfull ftdna 1 102 6160+-5560

MB-091 J1c1 yfull ftdna G228+C7966T+T9497C+G14198A+A14332G+T16093C+C16519T+C16189T!+C16311T! 32 144 10090+-2220

MB-092 J1c1e yfull ftdna 1 15 0+-0

MB-093 J1c3e2 yfull ftdna insufficient access G185A+G228A+C2280T+A13803G+C15853T+A16235G+C16519T+C16311T! 5 53 4910+-3010

MB-094 J1c4 yfull ftdna 1 119 4070+-3080

MB-095 J1c5 yfull ftdna 1 229 10630+-2320

MB-096 J1c-C16261T yfull ftdna insufficient access G185A+G228A+T16093C+C16519T+G16274A! 7 36 0+-0

MB-097 J1c7 yfull ftdna insufficient access 6 53 5940+-3960

MB-098 J1c7a yfull ftdna G185A+G228A+T16092C+C16519T 80 231 1980+-5370

MB-099 J1c13 yfull ftdna 12 16 1080+-2240

MB-100 J1c14 yfull ftdna 50 74 990+-2910

MB-101 J2b1a2a yfull ftdna 1 12 0+-0

MB-102 J2b1e yfull ftdna 8 9 0+-0

MB-103 K1a1b1 yfull ftdna 1 77 14210+-3010

MB-104 K1a1b1a yfull ftdna 723 752 4820+-3570

MB-105 K1a4 yfull ftdna 2 61 15940+-2340

MB-106 K1a4a yfull ftdna C6134T+G6480A+A6605G+C16168T 7 27 14090+-2670

MB-107 K1a5b yfull ftdna 1 12 0+-0

MB-108 K1a9 yfull ftdna 214 227 1690+-2370

MB-109 K1a11 yfull ftdna 1 70 4760+-2850

MB-110 K2a yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group - 13 163 9100+-2270

MB-111 K2a2a yfull ftdna incorrect data 12 0 1820+-1930

MB-112 K2a2a1 yfull ftdna 185 234 0+-0

MB-113 L2a1-T16189C! yfull ftdna 2 2 0+-0

MB-114 L2a1l2a+L2a1l2a1 yfull ftdna 77 85 2370+-2140

MB-116 M1a1b1c yfull ftdna A16182c of A16183c 11 17 0+-0

MB-117 M33-T16362C yfull ftdna 1 0 0+-0

MB-118 M33c yfull ftdna C4182T+C4577T+A7364G+A16235G 12 25 12760+-6950

MB-119 N1b1a yfull ftdna 1 32 8980+-4730

MB-120 N1b1a2 yfull ftdna T4619C+G6249A+T7283C+T13608C+A11914G!+C9335T! 3 46 0+-0

MB-121 N1b1b1 yfull ftdna 210 246 9720+-3660

MB-122 N1b2 yfull ftdna 2 3 1180+-2030

MB-123 N9a3 yfull ftdna 18 22 8280+-5120

MB-124 R0a2c yfull ftdna 1 27 10540+-6060

MB-125 R0a2m yfull ftdna T58C 43 39 4080+-5630

MB-126 R0a4 yfull ftdna 45 35 1830+-2560

MB-127 T1a yfull ftdna C6656T 4 65 14680+-4820

MB-128 T1a1 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group - 12 757 6990+-2080

MB-129 T1a1b yfull ftdna G16000A 3 83 3860+-2460

MB-130 T1a1j yfull ftdna - 15 29 5220+-2490

MB-131 T1a1k1 yfull ftdna 15 20 0+-0

MB-132 T1a5 yfull ftdna 1 31 10840+-5420

MB-133 T1b yfull ftdna insufficient access 4 37 6160+-4800

MB-134 T1b3 yfull ftdna 18 19 0+-0

MB-135 T2a1 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group T16209C+C16296T+G10398A 5 29 15220+-2740

MB-136 T2a1a8 yfull ftdna 1 46 0+-0

MB-137 T2a1b yfull ftdna A1530G+A10005G+A11020G+T12481a+T16093C+C16296T 11 31 13930+-2680

MB-138 T2b yfull ftdna 1 803 10060+-1610

MB-139 T2b3-C151T yfull ftdna 1 115 0+-0

MB-140 T2b4 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group A16241G 4 166 5810+-4850

MB-141 T2b4a yfull ftdna 2 80 3570+-2840

MB-142 T2b-T16362C yfull ftdna 1 50 0+-0

MB-143 T2b16 yfull ftdna insufficient access 5 21 1930+-3690

MB-144 T2b25 yfull ftdna C16296T+A16129G! 35 55 6850+-3260

MB-145 T2e yfull ftdna 1 108 11850+-3230

MB-146 T2e1 yfull ftdna 1 86 9170+-2890

MB-147 T2e1b+T2e1b1 yfull ftdna 18 22 0+-0

MB-149 T2g yfull ftdna 1 11 15710+-5300

MB-150 T2g1 yfull ftdna 1 3 3130+-8050

MB-151 T2g1a yfull ftdna C16296T+C195T! 3 24 0+-0

MB-152 U1b1 yfull ftdna A3426G+G5460A+T6365C+G11969A+C16104T+C16111T+A14070G! 28 37 11570+-4980

MB-153 U5a1a1 yfull ftdna 1 359 6830+-3920

MB-154 U5a1a1-T152C! yfull ftdna 1 72 0+-0

MB-155 U5a1a2a yfull ftdna 2 57 2830+-2530

MB-156 U5a1b yfull ftdna 2 116 8370+-2760

MB-157 U5a1b1 yfull ftdna T15893C+C16519T+C16192T! 6 154 6980+-1960

MB-158 U5a1b1c2 yfull ftdna 2 7 2460+-2210

MB-159 U5a1f1a yfull ftdna 13 14 6500+-3590

MB-160 U5a2 yfull ftdna 1 3 18410+-3870

MB-161 U5a2a1-T152C! yfull ftdna 1 53 0+-0

MB-162 U5a2b yfull ftdna 1 166 11430+-3180

MB-163 U5a2b2a yfull ftdna G15930A+A16265c+C16519T 4 13 0+-0

MB-164 U5b1 yfull ftdna 1 33 15520+-4880

MB-165 U5b1b1-T16192C! yfull ftdna 2 132 0+-0

MB-166 U5b1e1 yfull ftdna 2 110 2600+-1870

MB-167 U5b2 yfull ftdna 1 21 20040+-3200

MB-168 U5b2a1a yfull ftdna 1 22 10610+-3810

MB-169 U5b2b4a yfull ftdna 1 80 0+-0

MB-170 U6a yfull ftdna incorrect data 3 0 25080+-3740

MB-171 U6a7a1b yfull ftdna C16519T 12 20 0+-0

MB-172 U2e1a1 yfull ftdna A8014G+G13708A+A16183c 10 157 6150+-2590

MB-173 U3a1 yfull ftdna insufficient access 5 105 8910+-3840

MB-174 U3a1a yfull ftdna A257G 15 65 6840+-3820

MB-175 U3a1c1 yfull ftdna 1 59 0+-0

MB-176 U3b1b yfull ftdna 1 39 1890+-2620

MB-177 U4a yfull ftdna 1 304 14940+-3340

MB-178 U4a3 yfull ftdna 1 3 4140+-2780

MB-179 U4a3a yfull ftdna T13659C 7 62 0+-0

MB-180 U4b1b1 yfull ftdna 1 103 6350+-3290

MB-181 U4c1 yfull ftdna 1 160 2280+-2180

MB-182 U7a yfull ftdna 54 68 16710+-3010

MB-183 U8b1b1 yfull ftdna 2 37 1830+-2750

MB-184 V1a1 yfull ftdna non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T 21 149 5500+-2160

MB-185 V7a yfull ftdna T89C+G930A+A12753G+C16519T+C195T! 84 127 6020+-2410

MB-186 V7b yfull ftdna C16173T,C16519T 14 30 1910+-1820

MB-187 V15 yfull ftdna T16093C+T16209C+C16519T 6 10 6470+-3270

MB-188 V18a yfull ftdna 2 30 0+-0

MB-189 V21 yfull ftdna 1 13 1160+-7470

MB-190 W1h yfull ftdna A4917G+A5582G+A16265G+C16292T! 14 22 0+-0

MB-191 W3a1a1 yfull ftdna 30 29 9600+-2610

MB-192 W3b1 yfull ftdna 33 34 1510+-2090

MB-193 W6a yfull ftdna 1 59 6440+-4170

MB-194 X2b7 yfull ftdna C198T+A10634G+T14110C+A16183c. C146T! 25 43 6550+-3910

MB-195 X2e2 yfull ftdna incorrect data 1 0 9740+-5150

MB-196 X2e2a yfull ftdna insufficient access 5 27 6050+-5150

MB-301 J2b1f yfull ftdna Mountain Jews 5899.1C,C10223T,C16519T+A11914G! 13 0

MB-302 H13a2b1 yfull ftdna Mountain and Baghdad Jews 5899.1C (partly C16519T) 8 0

MB-303 H14a yfull ftdna Baghdad Jews A189G,G13194A,T16249C,C16519T,C16311T! 2 0

MB-304 U7a4a1 yfull ftdna Mountain Jews C13984T,A16309G 4 0

MB-305 T2g1a1 yfull ftdna Mountain Jews A4012G,A4562G 2 0

MB-401 H2a2a1 yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews T5557C,G5585A,T6044C,T8277C,G10373A,C16519T 4 0

MB-402 H1e8 yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews 8 0

MB-403 HV0d yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews C4904A (and others) 6 0

MB-404 J2a1a1 yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews T2392C 4 0

MB-405 HV1a2 yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews (insufficient access) 3 0

MB-406 K1c2 yfull ftdna Moroccan Jews C3738T,A8146G 2 0

MB-407 H3c1 yfull ftdna Tunisian Jews (and others) A189G,C16260T,C16189T! 2 0

MB-306 U7a3a yfull ftdna Iraq Jews T8167C 2 0

MB-307 T2c1a1 yfull ftdna Iraq and Baghdad Jews C6998T 10 0

table caption

References

Analysis from Family Finder Ashkenazi to Y-DNA and mtdna by Jeff Wexler, 2018.

Y-Chromosome and mtDNA Genetics Reveal Significant Contrasts in Affinities of Modern Middle Eastern Populations with European and African Populations by Badro et al., 2013

A substantial prehistoric European ancestry amongst Ashkenazi maternal lineages by Costa et al., 2013.

A "Copernican" Reassessment of the Human Mitochondrial DNA Tree from its Root by Behar, van Oven et al., 2012.

Mutation rates on wikipedia.

Counting the founders: the matrilineal genetic ancestry of the Jewish Diaspora by Behar et al 2008

Branch #	mtdna name	approximate	SNPs of Jewish branch or comment	# of persons	# in ftdna branch	ybp of Behar, van Oven et al. (2012)
MB-001	A-T152C!-T16189C!	yfull ftdna		2	4	0+-0
MB-002	H1a3a	yfull ftdna		2	96	3850+-1620
MB-003	H1a3b	yfull ftdna		1	74	3150+-2060
MB-004	H1b	yfull ftdna	G15172A	9	259	6230+-1800
MB-005	H1b1-T16362C	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group 5899.1C+A8348G	11	408	0+-0
MB-006	H1b2	yfull ftdna		1	67	3660+-2770
MB-007	H1b2a+H1b2a1	yfull ftdna		42	49	700+-4060
MB-009	H1b5	yfull ftdna		1	17	0+-0
MB-010	H1f	yfull ftdna	T7309C+C8409T+T12945C+G15221A+A16183c	3	38	3670+-3620
MB-011	H1c3	yfull ftdna		1	215	4530+-1850
MB-012	H1e4+H1e4a	yfull ftdna	-	57	84	2730+-7140
MB-014	H1o	yfull ftdna		1	39	2480+-3250
MB-015	H1u2	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	4	13	0+-0
MB-016	H1ai1	yfull ftdna	-	13	24	0+-0
MB-017	H1aj	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	6	21	8170+-2950
MB-018	H1aj1+H1aj1a	yfull ftdna		50	54	0+-0
MB-020	H1as2	yfull ftdna		52	51	1650+-2230
MB-021	H1ax	yfull ftdna		2	15	4940+-2860
MB-022	H1bd	yfull ftdna		1	18	0+-0
MB-023	H1bo	yfull ftdna	-	13	24	4480+-2170
MB-024	H1bw	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	3	26	6110+-3690
MB-025	H2a2a1g	yfull ftdna		1	18	0+-0
MB-026	H2a2b1	yfull ftdna	T16224C+A16235G+C16519T	4	80	4390+-2080
MB-027	H2a2b1a1	yfull ftdna		1	68	1810+-1630
MB-028	H3	yfull ftdna	C10655T+T16298C+A16497G	8	386	8910+-1060
MB-029	H3k1a	yfull ftdna		1	70	0+-0
MB-030	H3-T16311C!	yfull ftdna		1	57	0+-0
MB-031	H3p	yfull ftdna		46	60	6370+-2910
MB-032	H3w	yfull ftdna		47	54	3230+-2310
MB-033	H3ap	yfull ftdna		2	63	5700+-3770
MB-034	H4a1a1	yfull ftdna		1	165	6600+-2080
MB-035	H4a1a1a	yfull ftdna	C16519T+ C152T!	3	268	5890+-1790
MB-036	H4a1a3a	yfull ftdna	G513A+A14133G+C16519T	6	19	2370+-2400
MB-037	H5'36	yfull ftdna		2	33	0+-0
MB-038	H5	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	3	147	9870+-1400
MB-039	H5a	yfull ftdna		1	19	9110+-1380
MB-040	H5a1	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T	5	474	6560+-1530
MB-041	H5a-T152C!	yfull ftdna		1	20	0+-0
MB-042	H5a7	yfull ftdna	C16519T	18	40	1510+-2050
MB-043	H5c2	yfull ftdna		33	37	0+-0
MB-044	H5-C16192T	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	7	18	0+-0
MB-045	H5-T16311C!	yfull ftdna	C16167T+C16519T	6	12	0+-0
MB-046	H6a1a1a	yfull ftdna		20	26	820+-1130
MB-047	H6a1a3	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group A16482G+C16519T	7	113	2950+-2660
MB-048	H6a1a5	yfull ftdna	A16482G+C16519T	34	53	1730+-2320
MB-049	H6a1b2	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	4	244	4760+-2180
MB-050	H6a1b3	yfull ftdna	A16482G	8	93	3760+-1850
MB-051	H7	yfull ftdna	573.1C+573.2C+T1700C+T11137C+C152T!	28	191	8890+-1680
MB-052	H7c2	yfull ftdna		33	35	1730+-6570
MB-053	H7e	yfull ftdna		67	97	1490+-2300
MB-054	H11a1	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T	8	184	2920+-2080
MB-055	H11a2a	yfull ftdna		1	70	3960+-1600
MB-056	H11a2a2	yfull ftdna	G7805A+C16519T+C152T!	10	46	1300+-1210
MB-057	H11b1	yfull ftdna	C16261T+C152T!	25	62	0+-0
MB-058	H-T152C!	yfull ftdna	T710C+C152T!	1	138	0+-0
MB-059	H10	yfull ftdna		1	96	8590+-2260
MB-060	H10a	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	3	53	6040+-2360
MB-061	H10a1b	yfull ftdna		20	22	720+-1170
MB-062	H10e	yfull ftdna		1	207	4680+-2260
MB-063	H13a1a1	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	3	71	5880+-1890
MB-064	H13a1a1a	yfull ftdna		1	108	4490+-2180
MB-065	H15b	yfull ftdna	C16519T+C16527T	7	25	5500+-3300
MB-066	H17a	yfull ftdna		1	41	6090+-2690
MB-067	H23	yfull ftdna		1	178	2060+-2840
MB-068	H25	yfull ftdna		12	12	0+-0
MB-069	H26c	yfull ftdna		31	34	2940+-7620
MB-070	H40b	yfull ftdna		41	44	1110+-6020
MB-071	H41a	yfull ftdna	C14433T+C16519T	18	79	0+-0
MB-072	H44a1	yfull ftdna		1	31	0+-0
MB-073	H47	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	3	32	8930+-3030
MB-074	H56	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group -	12	88	4690+-2980
MB-075	H65a	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group -	15	30	0+-0
MB-076	HV0-T195C!	yfull ftdna	C7229T+G11963A+C16519T	5	289	0+-0
MB-077	HV1a'b'c	yfull ftdna	G709A+A13098G+T16368C+C16519T+A16129G!	10	37	0+-0
MB-078	HV1b	yfull ftdna		1	9	14800+-3690
MB-079	HV1b2	yfull ftdna		139	157	1510+-4290
MB-080	HV5	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	4	1	2010+-14530
MB-081	HV5a	yfull ftdna		66	75	0+-0
MB-082	HV10	yfull ftdna		1	15	2010+-8600
MB-083	I1b	yfull ftdna		1	51	11130+-4810
MB-084	I1c	yfull ftdna		7	8	8210+-3780
MB-085	I1c1a	yfull ftdna		44	57	0+-0
MB-086	I2a	yfull ftdna		1	35	3770+-2140
MB-087	I5a1b	yfull ftdna		1	4	0+-0
MB-088	I5c1	yfull ftdna		1	13	0+-0
MB-089	J1b1a1	yfull ftdna	C2322T+C16519T	43	275	6970+-2340
MB-090	J1b2	yfull ftdna		1	102	6160+-5560
MB-091	J1c1	yfull ftdna	G228+C7966T+T9497C+G14198A+A14332G+T16093C+C16519T+C16189T!+C16311T!	32	144	10090+-2220
MB-092	J1c1e	yfull ftdna		1	15	0+-0
MB-093	J1c3e2	yfull ftdna	insufficient access G185A+G228A+C2280T+A13803G+C15853T+A16235G+C16519T+C16311T!	5	53	4910+-3010
MB-094	J1c4	yfull ftdna		1	119	4070+-3080
MB-095	J1c5	yfull ftdna		1	229	10630+-2320
MB-096	J1c-C16261T	yfull ftdna	insufficient access G185A+G228A+T16093C+C16519T+G16274A!	7	36	0+-0
MB-097	J1c7	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	6	53	5940+-3960
MB-098	J1c7a	yfull ftdna	G185A+G228A+T16092C+C16519T	80	231	1980+-5370
MB-099	J1c13	yfull ftdna		12	16	1080+-2240
MB-100	J1c14	yfull ftdna		50	74	990+-2910
MB-101	J2b1a2a	yfull ftdna		1	12	0+-0
MB-102	J2b1e	yfull ftdna		8	9	0+-0
MB-103	K1a1b1	yfull ftdna		1	77	14210+-3010
MB-104	K1a1b1a	yfull ftdna		723	752	4820+-3570
MB-105	K1a4	yfull ftdna		2	61	15940+-2340
MB-106	K1a4a	yfull ftdna	C6134T+G6480A+A6605G+C16168T	7	27	14090+-2670
MB-107	K1a5b	yfull ftdna		1	12	0+-0
MB-108	K1a9	yfull ftdna		214	227	1690+-2370
MB-109	K1a11	yfull ftdna		1	70	4760+-2850
MB-110	K2a	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group -	13	163	9100+-2270
MB-111	K2a2a	yfull ftdna	incorrect data	12	0	1820+-1930
MB-112	K2a2a1	yfull ftdna		185	234	0+-0
MB-113	L2a1-T16189C!	yfull ftdna		2	2	0+-0
MB-114	L2a1l2a+L2a1l2a1	yfull ftdna		77	85	2370+-2140
MB-116	M1a1b1c	yfull ftdna	A16182c of A16183c	11	17	0+-0
MB-117	M33-T16362C	yfull ftdna		1	0	0+-0
MB-118	M33c	yfull ftdna	C4182T+C4577T+A7364G+A16235G	12	25	12760+-6950
MB-119	N1b1a	yfull ftdna		1	32	8980+-4730
MB-120	N1b1a2	yfull ftdna	T4619C+G6249A+T7283C+T13608C+A11914G!+C9335T!	3	46	0+-0
MB-121	N1b1b1	yfull ftdna		210	246	9720+-3660
MB-122	N1b2	yfull ftdna		2	3	1180+-2030
MB-123	N9a3	yfull ftdna		18	22	8280+-5120
MB-124	R0a2c	yfull ftdna		1	27	10540+-6060
MB-125	R0a2m	yfull ftdna	T58C	43	39	4080+-5630
MB-126	R0a4	yfull ftdna		45	35	1830+-2560
MB-127	T1a	yfull ftdna	C6656T	4	65	14680+-4820
MB-128	T1a1	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group -	12	757	6990+-2080
MB-129	T1a1b	yfull ftdna	G16000A	3	83	3860+-2460
MB-130	T1a1j	yfull ftdna	-	15	29	5220+-2490
MB-131	T1a1k1	yfull ftdna		15	20	0+-0
MB-132	T1a5	yfull ftdna		1	31	10840+-5420
MB-133	T1b	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	4	37	6160+-4800
MB-134	T1b3	yfull ftdna		18	19	0+-0
MB-135	T2a1	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group T16209C+C16296T+G10398A	5	29	15220+-2740
MB-136	T2a1a8	yfull ftdna		1	46	0+-0
MB-137	T2a1b	yfull ftdna	A1530G+A10005G+A11020G+T12481a+T16093C+C16296T	11	31	13930+-2680
MB-138	T2b	yfull ftdna		1	803	10060+-1610
MB-139	T2b3-C151T	yfull ftdna		1	115	0+-0
MB-140	T2b4	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group A16241G	4	166	5810+-4850
MB-141	T2b4a	yfull ftdna		2	80	3570+-2840
MB-142	T2b-T16362C	yfull ftdna		1	50	0+-0
MB-143	T2b16	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	5	21	1930+-3690
MB-144	T2b25	yfull ftdna	C16296T+A16129G!	35	55	6850+-3260
MB-145	T2e	yfull ftdna		1	108	11850+-3230
MB-146	T2e1	yfull ftdna		1	86	9170+-2890
MB-147	T2e1b+T2e1b1	yfull ftdna		18	22	0+-0
MB-149	T2g	yfull ftdna		1	11	15710+-5300
MB-150	T2g1	yfull ftdna		1	3	3130+-8050
MB-151	T2g1a	yfull ftdna	C16296T+C195T!	3	24	0+-0
MB-152	U1b1	yfull ftdna	A3426G+G5460A+T6365C+G11969A+C16104T+C16111T+A14070G!	28	37	11570+-4980
MB-153	U5a1a1	yfull ftdna		1	359	6830+-3920
MB-154	U5a1a1-T152C!	yfull ftdna		1	72	0+-0
MB-155	U5a1a2a	yfull ftdna		2	57	2830+-2530
MB-156	U5a1b	yfull ftdna		2	116	8370+-2760
MB-157	U5a1b1	yfull ftdna	T15893C+C16519T+C16192T!	6	154	6980+-1960
MB-158	U5a1b1c2	yfull ftdna		2	7	2460+-2210
MB-159	U5a1f1a	yfull ftdna		13	14	6500+-3590
MB-160	U5a2	yfull ftdna		1	3	18410+-3870
MB-161	U5a2a1-T152C!	yfull ftdna		1	53	0+-0
MB-162	U5a2b	yfull ftdna		1	166	11430+-3180
MB-163	U5a2b2a	yfull ftdna	G15930A+A16265c+C16519T	4	13	0+-0
MB-164	U5b1	yfull ftdna		1	33	15520+-4880
MB-165	U5b1b1-T16192C!	yfull ftdna		2	132	0+-0
MB-166	U5b1e1	yfull ftdna		2	110	2600+-1870
MB-167	U5b2	yfull ftdna		1	21	20040+-3200
MB-168	U5b2a1a	yfull ftdna		1	22	10610+-3810
MB-169	U5b2b4a	yfull ftdna		1	80	0+-0
MB-170	U6a	yfull ftdna	incorrect data	3	0	25080+-3740
MB-171	U6a7a1b	yfull ftdna	C16519T	12	20	0+-0
MB-172	U2e1a1	yfull ftdna	A8014G+G13708A+A16183c	10	157	6150+-2590
MB-173	U3a1	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	5	105	8910+-3840
MB-174	U3a1a	yfull ftdna	A257G	15	65	6840+-3820
MB-175	U3a1c1	yfull ftdna		1	59	0+-0
MB-176	U3b1b	yfull ftdna		1	39	1890+-2620
MB-177	U4a	yfull ftdna		1	304	14940+-3340
MB-178	U4a3	yfull ftdna		1	3	4140+-2780
MB-179	U4a3a	yfull ftdna	T13659C	7	62	0+-0
MB-180	U4b1b1	yfull ftdna		1	103	6350+-3290
MB-181	U4c1	yfull ftdna		1	160	2280+-2180
MB-182	U7a	yfull ftdna		54	68	16710+-3010
MB-183	U8b1b1	yfull ftdna		2	37	1830+-2750
MB-184	V1a1	yfull ftdna	non-Ashkenazi in SNP-group C16519T	21	149	5500+-2160
MB-185	V7a	yfull ftdna	T89C+G930A+A12753G+C16519T+C195T!	84	127	6020+-2410
MB-186	V7b	yfull ftdna	C16173T,C16519T	14	30	1910+-1820
MB-187	V15	yfull ftdna	T16093C+T16209C+C16519T	6	10	6470+-3270
MB-188	V18a	yfull ftdna		2	30	0+-0
MB-189	V21	yfull ftdna		1	13	1160+-7470
MB-190	W1h	yfull ftdna	A4917G+A5582G+A16265G+C16292T!	14	22	0+-0
MB-191	W3a1a1	yfull ftdna		30	29	9600+-2610
MB-192	W3b1	yfull ftdna		33	34	1510+-2090
MB-193	W6a	yfull ftdna		1	59	6440+-4170
MB-194	X2b7	yfull ftdna	C198T+A10634G+T14110C+A16183c. C146T!	25	43	6550+-3910
MB-195	X2e2	yfull ftdna	incorrect data	1	0	9740+-5150
MB-196	X2e2a	yfull ftdna	insufficient access	5	27	6050+-5150
MB-301	J2b1f	yfull ftdna	Mountain Jews 5899.1C,C10223T,C16519T+A11914G!	13	0
MB-302	H13a2b1	yfull ftdna	Mountain and Baghdad Jews 5899.1C (partly C16519T)	8	0
MB-303	H14a	yfull ftdna	Baghdad Jews A189G,G13194A,T16249C,C16519T,C16311T!	2	0
MB-304	U7a4a1	yfull ftdna	Mountain Jews C13984T,A16309G	4	0
MB-305	T2g1a1	yfull ftdna	Mountain Jews A4012G,A4562G	2	0
MB-401	H2a2a1	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews T5557C,G5585A,T6044C,T8277C,G10373A,C16519T	4	0
MB-402	H1e8	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews	8	0
MB-403	HV0d	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews C4904A (and others)	6	0
MB-404	J2a1a1	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews T2392C	4	0
MB-405	HV1a2	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews (insufficient access)	3	0
MB-406	K1c2	yfull ftdna	Moroccan Jews C3738T,A8146G	2	0
MB-407	H3c1	yfull ftdna	Tunisian Jews (and others) A189G,C16260T,C16189T!	2	0
MB-306	U7a3a	yfull ftdna	Iraq Jews T8167C	2	0
MB-307	T2c1a1	yfull ftdna	Iraq and Baghdad Jews C6998T	10	0